After a hot shower and a change into clean sweats, we were just sitting down for a cup of tea and a card game of Shanghai when he came knocking at the door, “Baby is coming! Baby is coming!” We left our steaming mugs, threw on a pair of flip flops, grabbed a flashlight and went running across the dirt walking path (“across the street”) to the grass and mud hut of Aisha and Tapisa. We had been anxiously waiting for this moment; the opportunity to see an Ethiopian baby being born in its hut.
They welcomed us inside their tiny hut about the size of an average sized American living room. Pitch black, the only light came from the smoldering fire hole dug about 8 inches down into the dirt floor. We’d been here many times before, but this time was surreal, crowded among the other family members that were here for the big event, the room so dark and smoky you couldn’t even see the face of the person you were greeting with the traditional three-shoulder-tap morphed into a hug and a handshake to follow.
We finally made our way to mama – Aisha, lying on a bed of banana leaves in the far corner of the room, a threadbare wool blanket covering her otherwise naked body. The baby had already come. She, traditionally named after her mother (Aisha) was swaddled in the red-dirt stained t-shirt of her father and a ratty vibrant red women’s neck scarf, the afterbirth still on her head. She was lying next to her mom, who though exhausted, was smiling and gorgeous.
After about 5 minutes of taking turns adoring the baby, the pains had returned - it was as if Aisha was still in labor. A lot started happening all at once. We decided to call a local American missionary who specializes in child-birth.
She walked us through several things to check like how much blood was coming, what was the texture of her stomach above the belly button, below the belly button, the cervix and on and on. She sent us on a search in the hut for the placenta, which we successfully located under a chunk of banana tree bark. To top it off, in the chaos of it all, we turned to see the mother-in-law handing Aisha a 3 foot piece of wood, one end of which had been resting in the fire and was burning-red-hot, and Aisha in turn taking the stick and going towards her stomach to burn herself with it. We learned that in traditional medicine here, this method is believed to relieve pain. We doubt it…
The decision was made to rush her to the hospital. We called a local bajaj (motorcycle cart) driver to come pick us up. We got Aisha dressed and helped her into the bajaj, in next went me, someone handed me the baby and then Aisha (the husband/dad) piled in on the other side of me. Sidney jumped in the front and off we went. The bumpy ride down the dirt road was torture with every bounce, Aisha draped over me, moaning in pain. In what seemed like forever, we finally made it to the paved road that takes us into town and subsequently to the hospital.
Upon arrival, we helped Aisha onto a hospital bed next to the wall in the waiting room. After finally locating the doctor, we wheeled her into the room. By now the baby’s dressings, along with myself, were totally soaked with urine and that brand-new baby poop tar stuff. Since the hospital has no running water, let alone rags, Sidney and I walked the baby across to the corner of campus where the American missionary doctor and his wife live.
We washed the baby in the sink, clamped the umbilical cord and got her dressed into some new baby clothes (which were again, thoroughly soiled by the time we made it back to Aisha’s room since diapers are completely non-existent here). I then, brought the baby to a room back at the hospital where we cut the umbilical cord with a crude razor blade and wiped her down with whatever we could find in the pitifully un-stocked room – a dirty pillow case and a piece of gauze. At this point it’s questionable as to whether or not any patient actually has a chance to leave the hospital in better condition than they entered.
After re-uniting with Aisha, Sidney and the rest of the group that had slowly grown over the course of this hospital debacle, we received a positive diagnosis and were discharged with a prescription of Tylenol. Really? All that for 20 tabs of Tylenol?
In hindsight, here are the things we learned: a) I guess sometimes the pains of having a child are actually worse after the birth than they are during – obviously Josh nor I knew that, and Sidney, being many years past childbearing didn’t remember that part, b) in this culture, if the new mom and family think something is “wrong” for one reason or another (i.e. the afterbirth pains), they will 1) burn themselves and 2) refuse to nurse the baby allowing it to die within a few days. We learned that Aisha had yet to nurse the baby, so we practically had to force her to. For these reasons we were applauded for bringing her to the hospital so someone could explain to her in her own language that she was ok and to please stop burning yourself and to please start feeding the baby.
After checking on Aisha a few times and administering her meds, she is doing well and baby is happily nursing. As cultural tradition requires, we won’t see her emerge from her hut for at least 6 weeks, where she and baby will be kept in the darkest part of the hut (we’re not totally sure what to make of this one) on a banana leaf bed.
This experience and health of the baby is extra sweet because just about a year ago, Aisha’s last baby girl died at 6-months old. It has been precious to get to go through this with her over the past month or so – babies are a sweet blessing from above!WHAT IS/ARE THE ISSUE(S)? (Define the issue(s) and identify where you stand on this given scenario)
GET THE FACTS? (What are the relevant facts of the case)
IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION (Resist inclination of viewing alternatives in dichotomous terms)
MAKE A DECISION AND TEST IT (Make a decision and test - as if you had a global audience listening to your decision)
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ReplyDeleteIs there an ethical issue? Yes. The people have unethical traditions, which can lead to the death of babies. They need to be taught these tradition are wrong.
ReplyDeleteWhat are the relevant facts of the case? Unethical traditions. Can I learn more? Yes. You can learn about the meaning of the traditions to better understand why. Do I know enough? no. What individuals and groups have an important stake? The tribe/people. Perhaps there is spiritual meaning to the traditions. What role does emotion play in this? Emotion can lead to ethical decisions.
Identify alternative courses of action. Do not burn the mother. Nurse your child. Don't go to the hospital - the enitre trip could have put the baby and mother in greater danger.
Which option best addresses the situation? Gain better understanind of the culture. Make sure the mother understand that she must nurse her baby. If I told someon I respect or a telveision audience the option that I have chosen, what would they say? Someone close would understand. It would depend if it was someone I was truly close to.
--Ethical Issue--
ReplyDeleteInability of narrator to be cognizant and understanding of the cultural differences in this situations--Ethnocentrism
--Relevant Facts--
Aisha having a baby-outsiders enter the home-Aisha experiences pain after giving birth-relative tries to burn her with a stick to stop the pain-confusino from outsiders as to what to do-contact American missionary to decipher best course of action-take Aisha and baby to hospital-baby is taken to American missionary doctor and dressed in Western clothes-Aisha deemed alright by doctors and given tylenol to help with the pain.
Overall disapproving/mocking tone of narrator.
--Alternative Courses of Action--
1. Research culture more in-depth before immersion
2. Allow elders to dictate the situation and course of action
3. Ask is Aisha and her family would like help/advice before giving it
4. Involve family in care of baby and Aisha instead of acting as the authority
--Make A Decision--
I think it is most important in this situation for the narrator to have researched the culture and its birthing/pregnancy practices more in-depth prior to immersion, especially in this case because of their awareness of Aisha's pregnancy and impending birth of her child. I think in this situation, if the narrator were to have been more prepared for this situation there would have been a better understanding and respect on their part of the culture they were a visitor in, as well as providing a foundation from which they could share in a deeper relationship with Aisha and her family.
Good points. I especially agree with your "Make a Decision" portion. It is interesting to me that they are not more aware of the cultural practices of having birth in Ethopia.
DeleteEthical issues: Decision to call American missionary and then further proceed to take mother and child to hospital, impose educated views on a culture standing by their traditions
ReplyDeleteRelevant facts: Couple waiting to see the ethiopian baby born, there was American help available (missionary, hospital), mother and child's health in danger. Unknown facts: what is the relationship of couple to mother, what is significance of traditions (traditional medicine). Need to learn more because we don't know enough to make decisions. The mother/child as well as the couple have an important stake in the outcome.
Alternative action: couple could have ask if their help was needed, couple could stay back and not follow mother and child to hospital
Best option in situation: Ask mother or family if they want help in decision making. Audience opinion: most likely agree but also say I'm obligated to help a fellow human in need.
Recognizing the Issue:
ReplyDeleteIn the Case of Baby Aish, from narrator’s perspective there is a remarkable ethical issue. The major issue I noticed is to provide or not to provide help the narrator can offer by applying available knowledge and resources to safely carry out a birth procedure.
Where do I stand on this issue?
I am a proponent of narrator’s decision. It is undeniable truth that culture and tradition are essential. However, they must be modified/improvised if they are adversely affecting human lives. It takes audacity and commitment to make that happen.
Relevant Facts
- Maternal health, care and hygiene
- American citizen is a position to carry out certain actions
- American citizen not completely knowing local culture and tradition
Unknown facts
- Role of a man/father during child birth
- Potential risk of offering help that is different from local tradition
Can I learn more about the situation?
Yes.
Do I know enough to make decision?
- Not appropriate to wait to gather all the information before making decision in such situations where two precious human lives are at risk.
What Individuals and groups have an important stake in the outcome? Are some concerns more important? Why?
- The mother and child, including her family have an important stake in the outcome.
- Lives of both mother and daughter concern me the most because they are most precious.
What are the issues related to sympathy/empathy in decision making?
- Human emotion
- condition (status) of mother and child
- Amenities they have access to
Identify Alternative courses of action
- Take pregnant Aisha to nearby health center with trained midwives
- Bring in trained midwives to work in collaboration with the elders so they witness and learn safe techniques
Make a decision and test it
- Bringing in trained midwives, which might have been pretty difficult at that very moment, to carry out the child birth procedure would I have been the best way to handle the situation. This way, the locals would get a chance to witness and learn safe techniques different from the traditional practices. That, in the long run, would help save lives of many other mother and infant in the future.
What is/are the issues? The three visitors imposing their cultural norms on Aisha without her consent and full knowledge of her wishes.
ReplyDeleteGet the facts: Mother and child possibly in serious trouble, the three visitors have a close relationship with Aisha, quick action may have been necessary.
Alternative courses of action: I feel the 3 visitors should have asked the mother what she felt comfortable with before calling the missionary. They should have refrained from stepping in so quickly without understanding what was occurring.
Make a decision: I would have listened to Aisha and followed her wishes. I feel most people would understand and support this decision.
Emily Gagel
RECOGNIZE THE ISSUE: Whether or not to interfere with another person's cultural traditions, even if the tradition might cause someone physical harm.
ReplyDeleteGET THE FACTS: The opportunity to see the birth of an Ethiopian baby in a mud hut is what the narrator has been anxiously waiting for, but we don't know the extent of the relationship between the narrator and the family. The narrator is more focused on the well-being of the baby than the mother, although she is the reason the go to the hospital. It's unclear who made the suggestion to go to the hospital and if that's what the family wanted.
IDENTIFY ALTERNATE COURSES OF ACTION: Bring the American missionary doctor to Aisha instead of taking her to the hospital. Bring someone who speaks the same language as Aisha to the hut so they could get a better idea of what was wrong, and to explain why it was important to feed the baby.
MAKE A DECISION: If it seemed like the mother or child were in serious danger, I would have tried to convince them to see a doctor, just in case, but I wouldn't force them if they refused. If it felt like they didn't understand why I was concerned, I would have tried to find a translator to help the family understand, and also to help me understand why they didn't want to seek medical attention.
Recognize the Issue: Exhibiting forced Western ideology (medicine) on Eastern ideology (medicine)
ReplyDeleteGet the Facts:
-Eastern ideology (medicine): burning relieves pain; no nursing if under pain
-Western ideology (medicine): tylenol relieves pain; nurse child immediately; hospital care is necessary
The individuals in the case did not know enough medically (ie. pain after child birth) nor culturally to make ethical decisions.
The individuals that have stake in the outcome include all present (all witnesses, I believe, are ethically responsible for decision-making); however, those physically and perhpas most emotionally psychologically at stake includ the mother and child.
Identify Alternate Courses of Action:
1) All ow the family to make their own culturally-based decisions on birthing practices
2) Call on Eastern medical care (not Western missionary practices)
Make a Decision:
I would call on Eastern medical care. Based on your level of understanding, you know something is wrong; based on the cultural sensitivity of the situation, assist in the family's perspective of medical care.
WHAT IS/ARE THE ISSUE(S)? (Define the issue(s) and identify where you stand on this given scenario) & GET THE FACTS? (What are the relevant facts of the case):
ReplyDeleteI am not convinced that an ethical issue exists here. As we will see in the facts that are laid forth in the, the observers, who I believe one can safely infer are of Western culture, observed the traditional birth of an Ethiopian child in, if not traditional, at least typical surroundings. The observers became concerned for the health of the mother following the successful birth of the child, and contacted the local medical professionals, who conducted a health assessment over the phone, but no recommendation to transport mother or child to the area medical facility was indicated in the story. During this event a traditional form of pain management, that of applying a burning stick to her abdomen to relieve the pain, in a traditional manner. At that point the decision was made to transport to the hospital.
So, where is the ethical issue? I know some have indicated that there was an intervention, or even a "forcing" of the mother to the hospital, but there was nothing in the story that evidenced that. Just simply the decision was made, and her family accompanied them on the trip.
The intervention of her burning herself with a stick. OK well if that was an intervention, I am not sure it rises to an ethical breech, anymore than the fear, confusion and shock a rural Ethiopian may feel, or what how they may react if they were observing in a Western trauma center and see the kinds of things we do in the name of saving a life or easing pain: stabbing people with needles, cutting them open, shoving tubes in every bodily opening, and blasting patients repeatedly with various forms of radiation, and yet try and apply ethical guidelines onto a traditional pain relief method the mother herself had chosen to try? It should also be said that the story stops short of finishing that storyline. Nothing says they stopped her from burning herself, or that she carried out the burning while they westerners observed. So we are being asked to make ethical judgements without pertinent information.
IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION (Resist inclination of viewing alternatives in dichotomous terms)
My alternate courses would have been, as an observer, to be as well informed as to the traditions, cultures, concerns and protocols of the birthing process, before placing myself in that room. This preparation would have included discussing with those appropriate in the community (presumably the mother, father, elders, whoever is doing the delivery, and with the area medical professional) what would be a reason for concern and at what point if any would intervention be sought and accepted.
MAKE A DECISION AND TEST IT (Make a decision and test - as if you had a global audience listening to your decision)
My decision wold have been very similar to what was actually written. If I saw a situation that made me believe there was a potential life threat to the mother or child I would have felt an ethical obligation to utilize resources at my disposal to try and preserve that life. This would have included contacting the hospital and performing the assessment the doctor instructed me to perform, or someone from within the community to perform. The difference would have been that after the assessment, had the doctor not recommended transport, I doubt I would have taken a position, but would have remained available had the family made the decision to transport to the hospital.
FACTS OF THE CASE: Three American visitors are invited to the birth of an Ethiopian baby in a traditional hut. When they arrive the baby has been born and the mother is being attended to in a traditional manner-applying burning stick to painful abdomen. One of the visitors calls an American missionary medical provider and then follows that advise to attempt to help mother. The decision is then made to take the mother, child and father to the hospital. While the mother is being diagnosed they take the child to be cleaned and cared for (umbilical cord cut, etc). The mother is prescribed tylenol and advised to nurse the baby. A translator explains to the visitors the reason for her pain (post birth contractions) and the traditional manner in which pain is treated. The family is returned home and later a visit demonstrates that both are doin well, although isolated in the dark per tradition.
ReplyDeleteETHICAL CONCERNS: Is the mother in any danger when the visitors intervene? Is it appropriate to impose Western models of medical care on the situation? If the mother or child were in danger was it necessary and appropriate to intervene? The narrators comments indicate an ethnocentric view of the situation. "Traditional" is deemed to be less than and the commentary demonstrates a lacking in understanding that seeking care for birthing in a hospital facility is a "cultural tradition" of the west.
ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION: The visitors could have asked questions to determine what was happening and whether the mother or child were actually in danger. If they determined that to be the case they could have continued to ask questions about how these situtations generally progressed. If they felt it necessary to intervene they could have requested that a midwife, especially one competent in the language and culture, be brought to the hut. The visitors could have left the birthing hut and returned to their housing.
DECISION: I would have acted in the role of a guest and asked questions rather than taking control of the situation, respecting the local knowledge and traditions. If the mother or child's life became in danger I would recommend bringing a local midwife to the home.
(Define the issue(s) and identify where you stand on this given scenario)?
ReplyDelete-The issue is being in a different culture and never asks about the people there.
-judge on people from our own narratives
-The lack of understanding the new culture is becoming forcing the solution by one vision.
GET THE FACTS? (What are the relevant facts of the case)?
-Traditional medicine is the first substitute in this poor culture.
-Health condition in this culture is very low therefore people tend to create helpful medication based on their education and their experiences.
-The communication in this case made the lack of understanding of the traditions.
-Control the situation by follow the rationality from both sides.
IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION (Resist inclination of viewing alternatives in dichotomous terms)
- Discuss the situation with Aisha and make sure that that she and her child are going to be fine.
-Traditional medicine is very helpful to her hence it should be respected for example (burning the patient is one of the most popular traditional medicine) the vision of undermined this tradition.
-Nursing the baby in some culture after having complications during the birth is jeopardizing the baby. (Some believe that the milk is poisoned)
-Because of the lost of her first baby, Aisha is very concern about losing this baby too.
MAKE A DECISION AND TEST IT (Make a decision and test - as if you had a global audience listening to your decision)
Reinforce any action to help the any patient with understand the situation in any culture.
Any decision-making should be agreed from everyone involved and never force it.
Ethical issue description and personal thoughts on it:
ReplyDeleteFrom Aisha and her family’s perspective, what they are doing is the right way and there is no issue at all. But from an outsider’s perspective, since I do not know what the local procedures were, I thought that it was unethical for Aisha to bring pain upon herself and the baby.
Get the facts:
1. Traditional medicine was used during child birth
2. The reason for Aisha’s last child’s death was unknown-(it could have been because of traditional measures taken by Aisha’s family).
2. None of them seemed to know what was happening in the room
3. In the end, Aisha and her family have to face the consequences.
4. Due to concern (for baby and mother’s health), anxiety (since nobody seems to know what to do) and empathy felt by outsiders, the baby was taken to the hospital hoping that the nurses would be able to help them.
Alternate course of action:
1. Since people who were watching Aisha give birth to her baby seemed to be present in that location from a very long time, they could have taken some time to talk to Aisha and her family about their process of childbirth and be prepared for it.
2. Having a better idea of what would have happened, could have prevented the chaos that occurred.
3. Have some vehicle ready to take Aisha to a local doctor if need be.
Make a decision:
I would have visited Aisha’s family before the childbirth and be prepared on what will happen during the childbirth. I would have consulted her parents and told them that I would get some kind of vehicle ready and inform a local doctor that I might be bringing a pregnant mother if need be, and that they need to be ready with services. Being prepared with an alternate solution never hurts!
Peer Review Process:
After reading others opinion on the ethical issues, I felt that there were multiple ways to look at this and I never thought about the issue from such a different angle and the whole process widened my perspectives.
Yash, I apologize for replying to your post instead of creating my own, but I am having technical difficulties...
DeleteEthical Issue: Forcing the mother and her family to adhere to the author's set of ethics.
My Stance: While human life is very precious, it is important not to assume your actions and ethics are always correct.
Relevant Facts: Woman giving birth and her family was there. Mother was going through great pain. The mother(nor anyone else) cared for the baby immediately after birth. Mother wanted to burn herself to stop the pain. The mother had lost another child previously. The mother was taken to a hospital where she was looked at and given tylenol.
Identify alternative courses of action: The narrator could have had a dialogue with the family before instilling their own values and come to a mutually acceptable course of action. A second course of action was to get more information as to the culture's customs on childbirth before witnessing one. A third course of action would be to allow the mother and family to process with customs without intervention.
Make a decision and test it: I would choose the top first two courses of action. Get more information about the culture's customs of childbirth and offer help only when the family asks for said help. Others viewing this course of action might say that it is heartless, that it would potentially let the child die when it could have been cared for in a more "humane"(western civilization's point of view) way.
Central Ethical Issues:
ReplyDeleteCulture traditions vs “modern” health access
Respect of visiting US team (2 people) for birth family traditions or practices – took charge without asking or explaining.
Respect for those traditions over potential saving of a child’s life.
Relevant Facts of the case:
Mom gave birth but was still in pain. Cultural norm dictates that she needs to be burned with stick from the fire to cure the pain which as the US2 observes is about to happen as they walk into hut.
What is not known is whether something is wrong with the baby or the mother but the stick burning seems barbaric from any standpoint. The US2 don’t ask any questions but rush into the situation and take control but getting on phone with US missionary help to access situation, rushing Mom/Baby to US Dr. first and then US hospital. Baby and Mom are determined fine and Mom is released with simple Tylenol for pain treatment.
Several key points: US2 admit to knowing nothing about childbirth but did take time to contact missionary for advice. Mom did display “what appeared to be a second labor” while they were in the hut so some urgency was called for at the time.
US2 description of the current culture was very derisive as the how they treated childbirth and disdainful that they let the mother suffers and risks the child’s health so callously. However, it appears US2 had been waiting for just such an event so why they didn’t take the time to learn about the cultures ways around the childbirth process, I don’t understand.
While it appears US2 dominate the situation and steam role the family, they were invited in and no one in the family tried to stop or even indicated they were more than compliant with the help offered.
Alternative actions:
When US2 stopped Mom in Law from burning birth Mom they should have used the moment to access the situation calmly and allow the family to explanation why they were doing that. It should have been done in a gentle tone and one that continued to strive to bring down the crisis level in the hut. This would have shown respect and empathy for the culture.
Could have stayed on the phone with the missionary and tried to treat the situation right there instead of throwing everyone in the car/taxi and dragging them from their home. Again, respect for the culture and perhaps a bit of patience could have helped defused the panic that the ignorance of the US 2 brought to the childbirth process. This culture seemed a bit intimidated by our Western medicine and US 2’s panic appeared to factor into their compliance. This is an inference but it seems odd that a family with so many births over so many generations would so easy allow 2 fumbling strangers take mom/baby away so easily even with the loss of the previous baby.
The US Dr. could have come to the hut to look at mom/baby. Again, respect for the family by treating in their hut and if needed, then moved her if necessary.
Decision:
First, US 2 should have learned about the cultures birth practices prior to event.
Then, in this circumstance, US 2 should have stopped Mom from getting burned first thing.
Next, called US Dr. immediately and asked him to come to hut for assessment. This would have slowed down the tension in the room and shown respect to the culture. Calling mission seemed an extra step that simply took up time.
At the minimum, the mother or the family elder should have been involved in all of the decision making every step of the way as a sign of respect. If at any time, Mom/Baby became at high risk then US 2 would speak to the most open of family to Western health measures and acted accordingly. Given how the family acted in the case, though, I wouldn’t anticipate any problems.
(Recognize the Issue)
ReplyDeleteThe author perceived this situation only through their own cultural scripts and automatically considered the "norms" of this culture to be wrong (ie: not feeding the baby immediately & the "unacceptable" medical/hospital environment). The author judged the situation solely on their own experiences and expectations of western civilization's childbirthing practices.
(Personal Stance)
From the little information we are given, I feel the author acted unethically in that he/she did not value or show respect for the cultural practices of the mother and baby.
(Get the Facts)
-The mother was in extreme after-birth pain and losing a lot of blood
-The baby was not being fed as the mother perceived that something was wrong
-The author was not experienced in child-birth practices or the cultural practices of the mother/baby
-The author facilitated the mother receiving Western medical care from the nearby hospital
-The childbirth practiced non-Western medical practices
(Alternative Courses of Action)
It may have been beneficial to the author to have associated him or herself with the cultural childbirthing norms and practices of this population before the actual childbirth event (the author said he/she was waiting and expecting it) and he/she therefore would have been able to make more culturally-sensitive and aware choices to best benefit the needs of the mother and baby.
(Make a Decision & Test It)
To empathize with the populaion directly impacted by the situation/conflict and listen to their needs and expectations and remove one's own cultural expectations to best serve the main people affected.
In my opinion the ethical issue was how to handle the situation to keep the mother and her child's health the main priority while being sensitive to their culture. Is it okay to interfere with cultural traditions or norms in order to save a life? I would say yes, Through health education you can explain why it is important in this case to feed your child and not not burn yourself for example.
ReplyDeleteFacts of the case- A mother is having a baby in unhealthy conditions, there is no one present with medical knowledge, one culture is influencing another o how to handle the situation, the mother is causing harm to herself with the belief that it is helping.
Alternative course of action- As stated above provide health education while being sensitive to the culture and improvement of sanitation if possible. If the mother had been given proper education during her pregnancy she would have been more prepared to handle the situation in a manner that was safe for her and her child.
Facts of the Case: Western visitors observed an Ethiopian mother and child, post birth, and preceived that the mother and child, Aisha, were in medical danger. The took the initiative to seek care above and beyond that customarily provided within the culture. In addition, they put the baby in clean clothes and , in general, cared for her as she would have been cared for in Western culture. They felt their actions were justified since the believed that the health of the mother who appeared to be in great pain and the child, whom the mother was nursing, were at risk. After seeing the doctor, the mother received a mild pain reliever and did not need any further care. The baby, also, was fine.
ReplyDeleteEthical Concerns: The Westerners assumed that their values were the same as those of the Ethiopians. They did not seek to communicate to generate shared understanding with the mother and her caregivers. Instead, they viewed the situation from the frame of their own culture and what they perceived to be the “common sense” next steps, given the situatuion. While the visitors acted our of compassion and concern for life, they made the assumption that the Ethiopians were not. Furthermore, the Westerners were actining in a manner in which they would like to be treated (the Golden Rule). They acted as if they “knew better” and their their beliefs superceded the Ethiopiains.
Alternative Courses of Action: The visitors could have acted on the Platinum Rule and communicated with the Ethiopians to discover how they would like to be treated and how they would like to proceed. They could have included the Ethiopians in their plan of action, seeking to find solutions that honored the native culture, while sharing concerns. In particular, it would be important to show respect and dignity for the native customs.
Decision: While I would like to believe that I would have shown more respect and reverence for the native culture, I probably would have pressed strongly for more medical attention. I know that I would have tried to generate some dialog with the mother and her supporters to understand their view and engage them in a possible solution, rather than simply take charge. I would hope that I would haveallowed their wishes and traditions to temper my own emotional reaction to the situation
WHAT IS/ARE THE ISSUE(S)? (Define the issue(s) and identify where you stand on this given scenario)
ReplyDeleteThe issue at hand was the mother was causing harm to herself and her baby by burning herself and not providing nurture (food) to her newborn child.
I take the stand of providing care for the mother and her child yet I wouldn’t forget about the cultural differences because from my standpoint looking at from an American perspective it is unethical whereas the culture in this case may not perceive anything ethical being done wrong.
GET THE FACTS? (What are the relevant facts of the case). The baby wasn’t cleaned because their culture believed that something was wrong. In the event for any reason they believed things were wrong they would allow people to burn their self and wouldn’t take care of the baby, whereas the baby they would allow the baby to die within a few days.
IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION (Resist inclination of viewing alternatives in dichotomous terms)
Alternative courses of action would include calling for more help than already what was provided or letting the family take care of the situation themselves (not a preferred method though).
MAKE A DECISION AND TEST IT (Make a decision and test - as if you had a global audience listening to your decision)
I would have told someone that I learned some interesting information about another people’s culture especially in regards to the topic of child-bearing. I would have never guessed that the remedy in the end was simply to prescribe some Tylenol for pain.
Phase 1: Recognize the Issue:
ReplyDeleteA group of outsiders witnessed a birth, and stepped in when they were concerned about the health of the mother and child.
It seems as though the visitors rejected all traditional customs of the tribe and suggested the mother/baby participate in a more westernized chidbirth/post childbirth.
I understand why they did it, but I have to say I think it would be appropriate to stand back and observe tradition.
Phase 2: Get the Facts:
A group of "outsiders" witnessed a birth. We don't know where they have come from, but it's obvious they do not approve of the tribes procedures. When "the decision was made..." we don't really know who participated in that discussion. I don't think there is enough information to make a decision.
The family, mother, father, child, as well as the village.
The outside group made an empathetic decision to go to the hospital, in concern for the health of the child.
Phase 3: Identify alternative courses of Action:
Observe the traditional childbirth, and step in when health becomes a serious issue? But make sure to approach the situation with culturally relevant suggestions?
Phase 4: Make a decision and test it:
I think probably to be a fly on the wall, and do as little to interfere as possible.
It's morally wrong to let someone die if you have a way of saving them...
What are the issues:
ReplyDeletePeople are not aware of their traditions might be the reason kills the babies due to lacking of medical knowledge.
Facts:
American missionaries are not aware of their traditional practice or understanding the reason behind their culture.
The medical environment can merely provide limited resources.
Identify Alternative courses of action:
Try to understand the meaning behind the culture.
Explaining the conept and reason of their strategies to Aishia and her family..
Make a decision:
Trying to explain the mom and her family why the method they took might put baby and mom in danger.
----Amber Wu